In vitro radiation sensitivity of the lncap prostatic tumor cell line

Because there is extremely limited information on the intrinsic radiosensitivity of human prostatic cancer cells, we have investigated the in vitro radiation response of exponentially growing LNCaP cells. Due to the very poor colony-forming potential of the LNCaP cells, radiation survival was investigated using the dose-dependent (0-6 Gy) changes seen after X-irradiation in the shapes of regrowth curves. Survival was described using both the single-hit, multitarget (SHMT) equation and the linear-quadratic (LQ) equation. The values and 95% confidence limits of the extrapolation number (n), quasi-threshold dose (D_q), and mean lethal dose (D_o) in SHMT terminology were respectively: 0.9 (0.7-1.0), 0.0 Gy, and 1.39 (0.11) Gy. The LQ alpha and beta parameters were respectively 6.80 (1.13) and -0.53 (2.89). The X-ray dose response of the LNCaP line is, therefore, purely exponential. The mean survival at the clinically relevant dose of 2 Gy (S₂) was 51.2% for the LNCaP line. Comparison of the S₂ value for the LNCaP line with previous investigations with other human prostatic cancer cell lines (DU145 and PC-3) indicates a mean S₂ value of 47.6%, which suggests that human prostate cancer cells might lie toward the resistant side of the spectrum for various classes of human neoplasms. © 1994 Wiey-Liss, Inc.     

Short-term subjective efficacy of doxazosin in predicting probability of prostatectomy in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with severe symptoms

BACKGROUND: The severity of symptoms still constitutes the major indication for transurethral prostatectomy, despite the extensive utilization of medical treatments. The aim of the study presented here was to investigate the impact of doxazosin on symptoms in relation to the probability of consequent surgery in severely symptomatic patients. METHODS: Patients with an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) between 18 and 35 were included in the study. The patients received 4 mg/day doxazosin, and subjective efficacy was assessed by IPSS at the first and third months. In addition, the patients were classified at the third month according to a single question regarding satisfaction with medical treatment in terms of symptom relief as 'ineffective, no change, and effective'. RESULTS: A total of 178 patients constituted the study group. Mean total symptom scores were 24, 19 and 17 at baseline, first and third months, respectively (P < 0.05). According to results of the questionnaire, 23% of the patients claimed the treatment was ineffective, and subsequently, the majority of this group (93%) underwent prostatectomy in a year. In addition, 33% of the patients reported no change in their symptoms, while 44% reported that the medication was effective. However, after 1 year, 59% and 15% of these cases underwent surgical treatment, respectively. The probability of surgery in the 'ineffective' group was significantly higher compared to the remaining groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The majority of patients with severe symptoms who were not satisfied with the medication at the 3rd month underwent surgery. This observation may provide a predictor for subsequent probability of prostatectomy. Therefore, reassessment of patients would be a cost-effective approach for the treatment of BPH in severely symptomatic patients.     

经尿道等离子双极汽化电切(TUPKVP)治疗前列腺增生症580例

目的:探讨经尿道等离子前列腺双极汽化电切术(TUPKVP)治疗前列腺增生的效果。方法:回顾性分析580例良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者行TUPKVP的临床资料。结果:中转开放手术2例,切除前列腺组织10~80 g,平均32.5 g。手术时间25~150 min,平均60 min,术中输血10例,无电切综合征(TURS)发生。术后随访2~36个月,患者最大尿流率升高,IPSS症状评分值降低,排尿通畅,疗效好,并发症少。结论:TUPKVP出血少,手术安全,疗效确切,是治疗前列腺增生的有效方法。     

先天性肾上腺皮质增生伴睾丸间质细胞腺瘤性增生一例报告并文献复习

目的提高对先灭性肾上腺皮质增生伴睾丸间质细胞腺瘤性增生的认识。方法总结1例先天性肾上隙皮质增生伴睾丸间质细胞腺瘤性增生患者资料。患者，男，25岁。以双侧睾丸结节就诊。查体见双侧睾丸、附睾结节感，右睾丸增大，表面凹凸不平，质地硬。实验审检查睾酮（T）18．7nmol／L、17α-羟化酶（17α-（OH）P）〉20．0ng／ml、快速ACTH兴奋试验阳性、中剂量地塞米松抑制试验阳性。B超提示双睾丸弥漫性病变合并部分占位，示双侧肾上腺皮质增生。睾丸活枪结果为间质细胞增生结节，免疫组化α-inhibin（＋）。结果结合病史、实验室、影像学及病理学检查诊断为先大性肾上腺皮质增生伴睾丸间质细胞腺瘤性增生。口服氢化可的松替代治疗，40mg／d，2周后30mg／d维持治疗，8个月后超声检查双侧睾丸结节消退。随访2年，肿物无复发。结论双侧睾丸肿块应结合病史和内分泌检查除外先天性肾上腺皮质增生伴睾凡间质细胞腺瘤性增生，经口服皮质激素替代治疗，激素敏感型睾丸间质细胞腺瘤性增生可以消退。     

经直肠彩色多普勒诊断良性前列腺增生37例

目的：探讨经直肠彩色多普勒超声对良性前列腺增生的诊断价值。方法：采用经直肠彩色多普勒对37例良性前列腺增生患者进行检查，测量大小，计算体积，并按前列腺重量分成四组，测定、分析增生内腺动脉的血液动力学参数。分组评价增生内腺的彩色血流图。结果：随前列腺重量的增加，增生内腺血流分布逐渐增加，血流的最大流度(Vmax)、血流最低流速(Vmin)、血流阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)逐渐增加。结论：经直肠彩色多普勒检查有助于临床对前列腺增生的准确诊断。     

前列腺癌PCNA及AgNOR的表达及临床意义

应用免疫组化（ABC法）和银染技术检测10树前列腺癌和20例前列腺增生患者增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和核仁组成区嗜银蛋白（AgNOR）数量变化．结果显示PCNA阳性检出率及AgNOR计数有显著差异（P＜0．01）．且随肿瘤分级增高而增高．随访资料显示PCNA强级（～）者，AgNOR计数高者预后明显低于PCNA弱级（～），AgNOR计数低者．结果提示PCNA，AgNOR可作为前列腺良恶性肿瘤鉴别诊断指标之一，并且与前列腺癌恶性程度有关，对推测预后具有重要参考价值。     

Three predominant proteins secreted by the human prostate gland

Analyses of the proteins of azoospermic ejaculates from subjects with defective seminal vesicles demonstrated that three prostatic-secreted proteins were predominant. Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostate-specific antigen (PSA; or gamma-seminoprotein), and beta-microseminoprotein (beta-MSP; or beta-inhibin), were identified as the three predominant proteins secreted by the normal human prostate gland. Immunohistochemical localization of these proteins, in the epithelium of normal prostatic acini and ducts, with the avidin-biotin complex procedure demonstrated that each PAP-immunoreactive cell was invariably immunoreactive both with PSA-and beta-MSP-monospecific antisera as well.     

内皮素-1及受体基因在良性前列腺增生组织中的表达及意义

目的　探讨内皮素 1(ET 1)及受体A、B(ETAR、ETBR)在良性前列腺增生 (BPH)组织中的表达及意义。　方法　应用免疫组化和RT PCR方法检测前列腺组织ET 1及ETAR、ETBRmRNA的表达 ,并与患者临床参数行相关分析。　结果　ET 1、ETARmRNA和ETBRmRNA在BPH组织中的表达 (吸光度A值分别为 0 .94± 0 .0 8、0 .6 4± 0 .0 8、0 .97± 0 .0 8)与正常前列腺组织(0 .5 7± 0 .0 6、0 .37± 0 .0 5、0 .5 1± 0 .0 4 )相比 ,差别均有显著性意义 ,P均 <0 .0 5 ,其中ET 1、ETARmRNA与IPSS、前列腺体积、前列腺尿道长度、前列腺尿道压、最大尿道压呈正相关 ,与最大尿流率、平均尿流率呈负相关。　结论　ET 1和ETAR在BPH中的表达量与膀胱出口梗阻严重程度密切相关。     

Overexpression of Ets-1 proto-oncogene in latent and clinical prostatic carcinomas

AIMS: The high incidence of clinically diagnosed prostatic cancer is exceeded by the frequency of tumours detected at autopsy. The Ets-1 proto-oncogene is expressed by a variety of malignant and normal tissues. Therefore, in this study, expression of Ets-1 protein was investigated in 'latent' prostatic cancer detected at autopsy, compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia, normal prostatic tissues and clinical prostatic cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using immunohistochemistry, we analysed Ets-1 expression in 95 prostatic specimens including 19 cases of latent prostatic carcinoma (LPC) and 55 cases of clinical prostatic carcinoma (CPC), 11 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 10 cases of normal prostate (NP). Differences in the incidence of LPC and CPC suggest different courses for the biological progression of prostatic cancer. There was a significant difference in the degree of Ets-1 expression in CPC and LPC (P < 0.05). Ets-1 was not expressed in BPH and NP, but in malignant cases (57 of 74; 77.0%) commonly demonstrated immunoreactivity in the tumour cells. In our study the expression of Ets-1 between benign and malignant, and well, moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas of prostatic cancer showed significant differences. The presence of Ets-1 mRNA was confirmed by in-situ hybridization in human prostatic tissues. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that Ets-1 might play an important role in carcinogenesis and/or the progression of human prostatic carcinomas.     

以循证医学的理念观察颈椎综合征的MRI图像

目的鉴于MRI对组织的高分辨性能,利用该图像观察颈椎综合征患者的椎管外组织的病理状况.方法54例患者,其中男30例,女24例,分为2组.观察组44例颈椎综合征患者,对照组10例颈部外伤和三叉神经痛患者.通过常规的MRI矢状位及横轴位颈椎图像,比较两组软组织增生情况.结果与结论在颈椎综合征MRI的颈椎及上段胸椎棘突后侧,均可观察到不同程度的慢性纤维性变化,与对照组比较,有可比性.提示临床上颈椎综合征多与颈肩区筋膜炎、棘突炎相关,属于无菌性炎症,其慢性阶段,局部发生了纤维增生性改变.建议在观察分析此种病症的颈椎骨质及椎间盘改变的同时,宜重视棘突后侧的纤维性变化,有利于病理病因的研究.